My Soul Is Rested The Story Of The Civil Rights Movement

Through out grade school we as the general public are presented with an extremely small amount of information on the Civil Rights Movement, that of a sample size to give us a general idea of what truly went on through out the country and the Deep South. Our foundation on the education of this historical moment is based on are these big names such as Martin Luther King Jr. or Rosa Parks, who are not only known country wide but world wide. There are hundreds, thousands, and quite possibly millions of civil rights activists who are lesser know or even known at all. In Howell Raines novel My Soul Is Rested: The Story of the Civil Rights Movement in the Deep South, Raines expressed the oral history of these lesser-known individuals and their†¦show more content†¦Take Andrew Marrisett’s story for example, he said he was driving the church bus on a Sunday and say a some 6 year old child having a K-9 dog sent on her, and as any decent human would he jumped in front of the att acking K-9 and tried to help the little girl. As a result he was then arrested and the dog was sicced onto him. Marrisett went on to tell Raines â€Å"That really was the spark. I had an interest all along, but that just took the cake-a big, burly two-hundred-and-eighty-five-pound cop siccing a trained police dog on a little girl, little black girl.† (Raines, 146) I could pick out any one activists story from this novel and point out the way they were mistreated and how that affected their involvement in this movement, no African American were treated right during this time. They were taken away in the thousands and transposed like cattle in old school busses. We are still seeing similar attentions today, 50-60 years later. Obviously not in such a large amount but there are enough cases for a march at the nations capital on December 13, 2014 where an estimated 25,000 people came together to protest the recent killings of black males by the police. Those activists in the 1900à ¢â‚¬â„¢s set an outline for marches for years to come, but it took more than just marches to get what they fought. Another popular form of protest were sit ins, which were where these colored people would go into segregated areaShow MoreRelatedMy Soul Is Rested1631 Words   |  7 PagesOption B The Civil Rights Movement in the United States refers to a set of events and reform movements in that country aimed at bringing to an end public and private acts of racial discrimination and racism against African Americans between 1954 to 1968, Whenever the civil rights is brought up there are names that almost always come to mind like Dr Martin Luther King Jr, Malcolm X, and Rosa Parks. But there are others both black and white that participated in the movement. That are not as famousRead MoreEssay on My Soul Is Rested1383 Words   |  6 PagesMy Soul Is Rested: A Critique of Raines Work. The Civil Rights Movement in the Deep South is one that is well known and familiar to us all. We all know of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., the charismatic preacher who was undisputedly the leader of the civil rights movement in the South. We have all also heard of Rosa Parks, the black woman who would not give up her seat in the bus and was thus arrested for it, she was the catalyst that sparked the civil rights movement. They were the famous peopleRead MoreDoes Hip Hop have a Place in the Church?696 Words   |  3 Pages In an effort to reclaim the lives and souls of our youth the church began to embrace hip hop into the ministry. There has been great debate on whether or not hip hop has its place in our churches today. I feel that it does simply because hip hop is simply a tag or label placed on the music of African Americans and Latino that used this method of music as a forum to express how they feel. If we take away the word hip hop and the cursing while our youth express themselves in church their musicRead MoreThe Civil War Of The American South3167 Words   |  13 Pages In the time after the Civil War the American South found itself in a sudden and un-prepared for state of great cultural flux, which came coupled with the destruction and rebuilding efforts of the physically ravaged post-war landscape; dubbing this new post-antebellum Southern era the time of Reconstruction. The beginning of this time saw the freeing of the slaves and the end of (legal) slave economics in the South, and th erefore brought with it an initial sense of hope for the black Southern inhabitantsRead MoreBibliographic Essay on African American History6221 Words   |  25 PagesNegro in the Free States, 1790-1860 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961); and, Gary B. Nash, Forging Freedom: The Formation of Philadelphia s Black Community, 1720-1840 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1988). Both Shane White, Stories of Freedom in Black New York (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2002); and, Marvin McAllister, White People Do Not Know How to Behave at Entertainments Designed for Ladies Gentlemen of Colour: William Brown’s African American Theater (ChapelRead MoreBirmingham Jail Letter Essay4668 Words   |  19 Pagesuntimely. Seldom, if ever, do I pause to answer criticism of my work and ideas. If I answer all of the criticisms that cross my desk, my secretaries would have time for little else, and I would have no time for important work. But since I feel that you are men of good will and your criticisms are sincerely offered, I would like to answer your statement in what I hope will be patient and reasonable terms. I think I should give the reason for my being in Birmingham, since you feel we are outsiders comingRead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s The Odyssey 2311 Words   |  10 Pagesdiscovering his old enemy s new need for his bow and his plans to wrest it from him, Philoctetes flies into a rage, swearing never to help Odysseus even though a cure for his foot also awaits him at Troy. Until this point, the play s focus had rested firmly upon Odysseus Machiavellian scheming and upon his villainy. But after Neoptolemus s revelations, the main obstacle preventing Philoctetes from returning to Troy and to his health is no longer Odysseus but Philoctetes himself. His stubbornnessRead MoreThe Great Northwoods Essay7709 Words   |  31 PagesThe Great Northwoods As with all things, the history of an event does not begin at its conception. With this in mind, it is my intention to provide the reader with a general history of events that led to the formation of the Nicolet National Forest of northern Wisconsin. In order to do so, I found it necessary to begin with the early explorations of such notables as James Cartier, Samuel de Champlain, and Jean Nicolet. These French explorers blazed a path that enabled the settlingRead MoreAfro-Asian Literature10586 Words   |  43 Pagesimpression on me. If asked to define their influence, I can only say they aggravated my ill temper and made me, frankly speaking, more and more misanthropic. One incident, however, struck me as significant, and aroused me from my ill temper, so that even now I cannot forget it. It happened during the winter of 1917. A bitter north wind was blowing, but, to make a living, I had to be up and out early. I met scarcely a soul on the road, and had great difficulty in hiring a rickshaw to take me to S---- GateRead MoreImportance of Intercultural Communication to Ist7702 Words   |  31 Pagespeople of different civilizations have different views on the relations between God and man, the individual and the group, the citizen and the state, parents and children, husband and wife, as well as differing views of the relative importance of rights and responsibilities, liberty and authority, equality and hierarchy. Such issues as (God, loyalty, family, community, state, allegiance, etc.) have been part of every culture for thousands of years. To better understand any culture, one needs to

Economics is a Part of History - 2129 Words

The world grew up with an economical system. Money was around for many years, and even before people would trade things with a price. Economics is a major part in history, as it is the foundation for many great countries. Places like France and Britain have their own economic system, and so do places like America. However, there are times when the economy fails miserably. Such a time was during the Great Depression at the time of the Wall Street Crash of 1929 and even nowadays due to the Financial Crisis of 2007-08. These crashes show how Americas economy once failed itself, and how it eventually regained its footing on higher ground. Although there is much struggle in todays economic structure, during the Great Depression, it was much worse. To begin with, the Great Depression began, amongst other reasons, due to the Wall Street Crash of 1929. The Wall Street Crash began in the late October of 1929. It was the most destructive stock market crash in the United States. It began with a time called the Roaring Twenties, the years that came after World War I and pretty much caused the crash. It was a time where many Americans migrated into cities with hopes of fulfilling the American Dream of starting a new and becoming wealthy (AE Television Networks). As American cities prospered, people neglected the US agriculture industry, the countryside. With the constant migration from more rustic areas to cities, a financial depression loomed over farmers. Despite theseShow MoreRelatedNat Books Essay1170 Words   |  5 Pagessubjects: History, Geography, Economics, Political Science, Sociology, Fine Arts, and Science. NCERT Books: History †¢ History: NCERT Class VI – Our Past †¢ History: NCERT Class VII – Our Past -I †¢ History: NCERT Class VIII – Our Past II and III †¢ History: NCERT Class IX – India and the Contemporary World – I †¢ History: NCERT Class IX – India and the Contemporary World – II †¢ History: NCERT Class X – Themes In World History †¢ History: NCERT Class XII – Themes In Indian History – I †¢ History: NCERTRead More Population, Class Structure, and Economics: An Interconnected Web843 Words   |  4 PagesSylvia Nasar’s, Grand Pursuit: The Story of Economic Genius, Nasar describes the history of economics from the theories of Dickens and Malthus in the 1800s, to Maynard Keynes and Freidrich Hayek in the early 1900s, and into FDR’s policies and the emergence of China as a world economic power. Ultimately, throughout the history of economics four major principles have been exhibited through a variety of areas including the relationship between economics and class structure, population, and . DickensRead MoreHow Have New Emphases And Interpretative Lenses Is History1269 Words   |  6 Pages How have new emphases and interpretative lenses emphasizing history from below affected the more traditional subfields of political, military, diplomatic, and sectional history and how do they affect world history. During the past century these four subfields have evolved within themselves to rise from their traditional methodologies of study to incorporating social and cultural historiography to better analyze their subject matter; while turning from an inner study, as it applies to the UnitedRead More History in the Staples Approach Essay1279 Words   |  6 PagesOne of Canadas contributions to the history of ideas has been a kind of historical economics. Now a neglected artifact within the history of economic thought, as economics has moved on to non-historical, modeling approaches to understanding, the staples approach can serve to show how economics can be enriched by a historical dimension. What is the staples approach and what makes it especially suitable to an investigation of how history informs economic understanding? The staple theory has Read MoreHistory and Evolution of Health Care Economics Essay936 Words   |  4 PagesHistory and Evolution of Health Care Economics University of Phoenix History and Evolution of Health Care Economics Health care economics have drastically changed over the course of history in the United States. While some can contribute these changes due to the evolutionary changes the US has undergone since her inception, the major contributing factors that influence the changes in health care economics are advances in technology and medical care. By understanding the history of healthRead MoreEssay about Classical Principles or Arguementation805 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscusses what other events in history have contributed to poverty, and how nothing is being done about it by the government. He begins in part 1 using pathos, â€Å" There they were on our television screens, the storm’s most desperate victims- disproportionately poor and black, wading through muddy water, carrying children and plastic bags containing a few meager possessions.† This was his view of the people that were left in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. In part 6 of his work, â€Å"But there is noRead MoreGlobalization : A Short History1720 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout history much has evolved in the world we live in today. Nations that were once empowering and controlled many parts of the world today are seen less superior and most likely to keep peace and order rather than starting violence. In Jujen Osterhammel and Niels P. Petersson’s book Globalization: A Short History, they investigate what led to globalization. They discuss events in history starting from the 1800s to the cold war era and what events led to globalization. Osterhammel and PeterssonRead MoreThe Betwe en Eastern And Western Europe1191 Words   |  5 Pageshistorical events in modern European history. History allows understanding of what drives the divided in Europe into the contemporary times. Eastern Europe has specific regional issues that divide it from Western Europe. The most important are the weak governments and economics. The lack of strength in government allowed for the rise of empires to take over the region; sadly, this leads to the ethnic division within the regions, as people groups moved to different parts of an empire. The combination ofRead MoreThe United States : A World Leader And Its Responses Will Have Key Consequences1693 Words   |  7 Pagesthe form of economic, social, and political pressure on the country. Some of these shifts in policy and world view were brought on by necessity such as the energy crisis of the 1970’s. Others were by choice of policymakers such as Cold War foreign relations and the response to 9/11 and invasion of Iraq. The Uni ted States will continue to face global challenges as a world leader and its responses will have key consequences worldwide. Many of the early global forces on American history of this eraRead MoreThe History of Money and Banking1808 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The etymology of the word history comes from the Greek word historia, which means, â€Å"to inquire or knowing by inquiry.† With this history of Money and Banking, has tried to inquire into its history to grasp a better understanding of how to create a stable currency, about the positives and negatives of central banking, and how the federal government is involved in the economy. Additionally, the research was used to understand the past in order to better understand in the present what

Programming in Java 2019

Java is actually more than a programming language. It is technology that was developed by Sun Microsystems which provides both a programming language and a platform that will run on any operating system. The programming language itself is an object-oriented format with some highly developed technical features. Java technology includes the Java virtual machine, which enables Java programs to run on your computer regardless of your operating system. The Java platform has been issued in three editions: the Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition which is designed for desktop computers; the Platform Enterprise Edition that is targeted at servers; and Micro Edition which allows Java to operate on small consumer products such as PDAs. Java was developed in the Sun labs in the early 1990s. It is a derivative of C++, a widespread object-oriented computer language that was almost universal in its use for writing consumer software programs since its introduction in the early 1980s. Java was formally introduced in 1994 and, in an early business victory, was incorporated into Netscape at the height of that browsers popularity. The Java platform provided animation and interactivity features to the browser in the form of applets, small Java programs that would present a small animation clip, game or advertising feature, and that can run in a web browser. .u2e1197b73a41b6c29d9fe66f5f4c2a28 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u2e1197b73a41b6c29d9fe66f5f4c2a28:active, .u2e1197b73a41b6c29d9fe66f5f4c2a28:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u2e1197b73a41b6c29d9fe66f5f4c2a28 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u2e1197b73a41b6c29d9fe66f5f4c2a28 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u2e1197b73a41b6c29d9fe66f5f4c2a28 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u2e1197b73a41b6c29d9fe66f5f4c2a28:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Technology Universities and CollegesJavas popularity in browser format has been eroded by Macromedias Flash product; the Microsoft browser now rules the desktop universe and Java is no longer included in Explorer. Java has, however, emerged as the multimedia application of choice for many websites and so continues to thrive on the internet. There are relatively few consumer software programs based on Java because of the computer resources required to run Java programs. Some file sharing programs utilize it and a version of it is being developed to compete with the Microsoft.net program. Java functions well in the server environment, with sufficient computing power to make the platform and programming run at an acceptable speed. Web services and enterprise programs use Java because it will run on any platform, making Java a useful component in networked services. In the area of computer programming education, Java consumes its own courses and in some cases, is its own major for IT degrees. Kaplan University has an associates in information technology and an IT bachelors degree available, both specializing in Java programming. .u397cd3e94ae5d659a956192d5ffdc7cb { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u397cd3e94ae5d659a956192d5ffdc7cb:active, .u397cd3e94ae5d659a956192d5ffdc7cb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u397cd3e94ae5d659a956192d5ffdc7cb { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u397cd3e94ae5d659a956192d5ffdc7cb .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u397cd3e94ae5d659a956192d5ffdc7cb .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u397cd3e94ae5d659a956192d5ffdc7cb:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Illinois Colleges and Universities Pursuing Online and Campus-Based Education in Illinois, The Inland EmpireThere are IT certification programs for Java programming available through Sun and other sources. Online tutorials in Java are numerous, as there seems to be a large group of Java- oriented programming enthusiasts who post instructions for various Java uses, and offer tutorials in the several versions of Java that have been introduced since the original in 1994. There are also a number of Java spin-offs designed to provide specific programs. Many of them are server-based functions that interact with web pages or provide a business function within a network. Java programming is a world of its own its own language, its own platform, and its own linking apparatus to every major operating system. Java is a unique product that requires considerable dedication from the programmer but often produces favorable results. Related ArticlesHow to Teach Yourself Computer ProgrammingComputer Programming What is itStudy Computer Science OnlineTo C or Not To C That is the Programming QuestionFind Computer and Technology Degree ProgramsComputer Science Technology .uc6610c319d0e493bdb28cc14c11a5cbc { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .uc6610c319d0e493bdb28cc14c11a5cbc:active, .uc6610c319d0e493bdb28cc14c11a5cbc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .uc6610c319d0e493bdb28cc14c11a5cbc { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 25 0ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .uc6610c319d0e493bdb28cc14c11a5cbc .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .uc6610c319d0e493bdb28cc14c11a5cbc .postTitle { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .uc6610c319d0e493bdb28cc14c11a5cbc:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Bachelor Degree in Business Online Improve Employment Prospects with Formal Training in Business

Operant Conditioning in the Criminal Ju Essay - 2660 Words

Operant Conditioning in the Criminal Justice System Z. M. Keys Psychology of Criminal Behavior CCJS 461 17 October 2014 The only way to tell whether a given event is reinforcing to a given organism under given conditions is to make a direct test. We observe the frequency of a selected response, then make an event contingent upon it and observe any change in frequency. If there is a change, we classify the event as reinforcing to the organism under the existing conditions. (Skinner, 1953) What does that even mean? Scientists use so many worlds to say the simplest things. Basically, behavioral psychology is known as behaviorism and based on a theory of learning that is significantly contingent on the premise†¦show more content†¦After associating the neutral stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus, the sound of the bell alone will start to evoke salivating as a response. The sound of the bell is now known as the conditioned stimulus and salivating in response to the bell is known as the conditioned response (Cherry, 2014) . The term operant conditioning, first came on the scene by Edward Tho rndike. Edward Thorndike is famous in psychology for his work on learning theory that lead to the development of operant conditioning within behaviorism. However, â€Å"B.F. Skinner is responsible for expanding the field of behaviorism after the early work of E.L. Thorndike, and his law of effect. Skinner divided behaviorism into respondent conditioning and operant conditioning, the latter of which he defined as explaining how the consequence of a behavior controlled the future occurrence of that same behavior. Skinner believed all behavior could be explained by an action performed and the valence of its consequence. Skinners most famous research studies were simple reinforcement experiments conducted on lab rats and domestic pigeons, which demonstrated the most basic principles of operant conditioning. His work remains extremely influential in the worlds of psychology, behaviorism, and education† (Boundless, 2014). The term operant conditioning, was latter coined by B.F. Ski nner. Skinner’s work with operant theory was built off of Edward Thorndike’s theory. (McLeod S. A., 2007). Operant conditioning, is alsoShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesafter an off-duty police officer hired by Raybestos produced evidence that she was His SUV carefully obscured behind a row of trees, Rick Raymond, private investigator, was on another case. This case was not to catch the unfaithful spouse or petty criminal in action. Instead, Raymond was tracking an employee, at the request of an employer, to determine whether an Orlando repairman was sick as he claimed today and as he had claimed to be several times recently. As we have seen, absenteeism is a huge

Advance Marketing FINAL Revision Free Essays

With the current high competition being witnessed in all industries, companies are increasingly being faced with new challenges to come up with new marketing strategies that can ensure that they retain or even increase their market share. To achieve this, companies can undertake market research which is a process that involves gathering of information, recording and analysing the data. This process involves gathering information concerning competitors and customers that exist in the market. We will write a custom essay sample on Advance Marketing FINAL Revision or any similar topic only for you Order Now Market research is very fundamental in monitoring the companies’ sales and product performance. It also helps organisations get vital information that helps in expansion to new markets. This helps in determining or forecasting the customers that will purchase the product. This includes the customer’s income levels, their location and age among others Industry overview /Company This paper will examine the Audi Auto Company in UK; Audi Auto Company is an old auto company established way back in 1932, in Germany. The company has an emblem with four rings which is a symbol of amalgamation of four past independent auto companies that amalgamated in1932 to give way to Audi. These companies were, Audi, Horch, DKW and Wanderer. Today Audi Auto Company is a manufacturer of lovely cars which are sophisticated, beatifically machines that exemplify technological perfection. There are plenty of Audi car models some includes, 265PSS3 Quattro, the TT Coupe 2.0 TFSI S Tronic, the A4 2.0 TDI S saloon and many other models which are available on the market. (Audi Auto Company, 2007) Today, Audi Auto Company is an international motor company which its presence in several countries all over the world. It has established branches in many countries including the UK. The company’s UK headquarters is in Yeomans drive, Blake lands, the company is a division of Volkswagen Group United Kingdom limited. Audi motto is â€Å"Vorsprung durch Technik† which means technology progress. The company success in the auto industry has been based on the company core values of creativeness, enthusiasm and commitment towards its goals. The company also is customer oriented and it strives to incorporate the desires of its customers in everything it does.   Audi Auto Company endeavours to lead the way through continuous innovation and setting new standards that define auto industry technology. (Audi Auto Company, 2007) Project statement This research report critically examines and analysis marketing and its influences in contemporary business and with particular regard to Audi Auto Company based in the United Kingdom. This will entail thorough analysis of the marketing policies and strategies that have been adopted by the company, analyses the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that Audi Auto Company undergoes in line with the ever increasing ambiguity and uncertainty that may come up due to effects of globalization and ever changing business environment. This study will also critically evaluate the effectiveness of this organisation response to competition and the gaps that exist in the marketing strategies of the company. This management report will further outline recommendations for new entrant in to the industry and what he should undertake in order to succeed in this ever very competitive industry. Pricing matrix; Pricing of a product is one of the marketing mix aspects and it is very important as it defines the worth of a product. Audi Auto Company has adopted various pricing matrix to achieve its objective of improving the company sales. Methods of pricing Premium pricing Premium pricing is the use of a high price which indicates uniqueness of the car manufactured and its magnificence.   This approach is applied when marketing luxurious cars from the company. (Cinchona, 2005) Penetration pricing The company takes up penetrating pricing when introducing it cars to new markets or countries. In this pricing strategy, the price for the cars can be set to be lower than what it is in other countries so as to gain a market share. It includes a   low price strategy enables a penetration price which is necessary to allow more cars to sell at first but when it catches up, other pricing strategies are adopted. (Cinchona, 2005) Economy pricing The company also offers it cars on economy pricing. In this case, the cost of marketing and manufacturing are kept at a minimum hence becomes a no frills low price for a product such as the cars from this company. (Cinchona, 2005) Other pricing methods are; price skimming, psychological pricing, product line pricing, optional product price, captive product pricing etc. The terms of access of Audi auto company products in the UK market pricing depends on factors such as the current tax rates in UK and the overall demand rate. (Cinchona, 2005) Distribution channel network; Distribution means a network for reaching out to company’s customers. It is important for any company to create well distribution channels that will ensure that the customers are able to get the final product without a lot of hustle.   Audi Auto Company has an elaborate distribution channel of it vehicles that it manufactures in the UK. The company has dealership with various companies and dealers who market its products. The products are market all over the world; the company also have several manufacturing plants in other countries which manufacturers and markets the Audi cars in those countries. Audi Company also has Audi centres, authorized dealers and other group companies which are used as distribution channels. (Audi Auto Company, 2007) Sales network For any company to succeed in its marketing it must have a strong sales network which will ensure that the company’s products reach the targeted market. A good sales network allows the company to be more effective and reach it customers with easy and on time. It also allows the company to respond to its customers’ demands and need more effectively as Dr Martin Wintrkorn chairman of the Board of the management of Audi AG underlines in his speech in the 2004. The company has a strong sales network in Britain that which has ensured the company’s sales remains at the top. He further notes that due to this strong sales network, the company has managed to steady growth rate over 7% in UK. The sales network of the company includes company auto shop that are located in major town and places in the country, and mobile units that serve to deliver cars directly to the customer. Cycle life The company takes almost six months to be able to produce a new model on the market, the design department and the engineering departments are involved in creating new models. A new model is normal based on technology improvement in terms of safety, fuel efficiency. For example, in 1980 Audi manufactured a four wheel car named â€Å"Quattro† which was turbocharged coupe. It took them six months to advance it from the first generation of S4 to the new generation of S6. General this period mat also vary according to the technological improvement that the company will undertake. Advertising practices Advertising is an important marketing tool which is commonly used to market new and existing products. Advertisement process requires huge investments. There are various forms of advertisements; media such as television, radio and newspapers, posters and road shows. The company utilizes all the forms mentions above, to improve its sales. Advertisement is important as it creates awareness of the company’s products and well as keeping the customers informed. Advertisement is on form of market promotion that the company undertakes to promote its new model on the market. Promotion of new models can be carried out in different forms and the most common one is through product life cycle. (Michael, 1985) Audi has undertaken different promotional activities to ensure that its products are marketed to wide areas. The company has a sponsorship deal with Manchester United a foot club in UK as part of its promotion activities. Audi Company also is the official car dealer of the club, and some players like Wayne Rooney, Rio Ferninard and many more drive around in Audi cars. This highly markets the company’s cars. Apart from football the company also is involved in various other sports, giving its support to motor sports and polo game. The company has continued to concentrate on the markets in the UK, as the chairman of Audi Auto Company in UK, Dr. Martin Winterkon pointed out UK market is the biggest for Audi outside Germany and Audi will continue to strive to improve its sales as shown in the last six years. (Audi Auto Company, 2007) The diagram below explains the cycle which products can behave in the global market when it is introduced to the market. It starts from the introduction, growth, maturity and finally the decline when the consumers are fully aware of the products and services and there is no need for further promotions. How to cite Advance Marketing FINAL Revision, Essays

International Business and Enterprise Magnanimous Legal Discontent

Question: Discuss about International Business and Enterprise for Magnanimous Legal Discontent. Answer: Introduction The Oil platform case involving the Islamic republic of Iran and the United States is one that aroused a magnanimous legal discontent in various jurisdictions. This paper is poised to discuss the key facets of the arguments that were evinced by the Islamic Republic of Iran which was the claimant in this case. Facts In 1987 the United States Navy attacked Iranian oil platforms in the Persian Gulf with their guided- missile destroyers that caused an irreparable damage leading to the oil production being brought to an end indefinitely. The United States claimed that the attack was a precipitate of an attack ostensibly held to have been made by the Iranians on Kuwait. In 1988 the Americans made another grisly attack in Nassir and Salman oil platforms which up to date have not resumed operations. The United States antagonistically asserted that the attacks were motivated by the necessity to protect essential security interests and that they were acting in self-defence. Pursuant to the incongruous, outlandish, and unfortunate nature of the actions of the United States, the Islamic Republic of Iran launched a claim against the United States at the International Court of Justice (ICJ). Issue The issue that was in contention and up for determination by the court was whether the United States actions of attacking and destroying the oil platform in Iran violated of the 1955 Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations and Consular Rights. whether the United States offended the overarching principle of use of force underpinned by International law. Law The facts in issue above triggered the well settled principle of the use of force and proportionality of a states force in response to an attack in international law. The general position is that states are obligate to refrain from the use of force against the territories of other states in breach of their political independence (UN Chatter Article 2(4)) However, it bears noting that the use of force may be permitted in circumstances where the state is acting in self defense of another attack (UN Chatter Article 51). These principles have since gained the force of customary international law. (Nicaragua v The United States of America 1986) The other applicable law that was triggered and applied by the Islamic Republic Iran here is the application of the 1955 Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations and Consular Rights that the two states are a party to. The treaty states that there should be freedom of commerce between party states (Treaty of Amity Article X) It has also been stated that a State party may take necessary measures to ensure international peace and other measures that may be necessary to protect its essential security interest(Article XX (1d)). The treaty also acknowledges that the state parties should promote firm and endure sincere friendship (Treaty of Amity Article 1) Application a) Argument on Use of Force and Self-Defense It was the argument of the Islamic Republic of Iran that the use of force by the United States Navy was in contravention to Article 2(4) of the UN Chatter. They objected the argument that the United States was justified in invoking the right to self defense under international law. They argued that for the self defense to have been justified it must have been in response to an unlawful act rather than a lawful one. They contended that the United States had applied self defensive on measures that were lawful contrary to what was set in the Nicaragua case. In addition , the United states was required to seek the assistance of the Iran which is the victim in this case and if the response is not made then it could regarded as a violations of their rights and the self defense would have been justified. It was also argued that there was no real or imminent danger to the United States that ignited the necessity to respond by use of force in the pretext of a self defense. It was therefor Irans submission that there was no necessity to act using such force in those circumstances. They noted that the legality of the right to self defense was well entrenched in the celebrated case of Caroline (1837). It was submitted that the use force by the United States was not in proportion to the necessities of the particular circumstance of the alleged prior attack. Although the United States claimed that it was acting in self defense, it was argued that the degree and form of measures taken and the target that the self defense measures were applied to were out of proportion (Security Council Resolutions 7598 (1966)). The Islamic Republic of Iran further stated that it had no contention in regards to the fact that United States reported the measures taken to the Security Council as required by article 51 of the UN Chatter. It was brought to the attention of the court that, in fact, the measures taken by the United States could not be defined as a self defense but are regarded as an unlawful reprisal. It defined a measure of self defense as a one that aims to protect which was in contract to the reprisals that are aimed to punish and or wrong committed (Bowett 1972). It was also argued that the response was a premeditated plan of actions and it has been stated in the Corfu Channel case judgment that a premeditated and pre planned measure, where it is carried out as planned ceases to protective and cannot amount to a self defense measure (Corfu Channel Merits Judgment, 1949). It was submitted that the united states were not in a proper position to argue that the measures were necessary to protect its essential security interest as required in Article XX (1d). The actions of the United States were a prima facie breach of the treaty and the use of force went beyond the threshold set for a lawful self defense. The Republic of Iran went on to argue that United States could not invoke the provisions of Article XX (1d) to justify a breach of the obligation that has been bestowed upon them by Article 2(4) of the UN Chatter. b) Argument on generation of active commerce between Iran and the United States Article X of the Treaty of Amity obligates the parties that in their in any measures they undertake they should ensure that they generate an active commerce between them. The State of Iran sought the guidance of the Nicaragua case where it was held that the destruction of the mining ports in Nicaragua by the Unites States was in breach of the freedom of active commerce as was guaranteed by the 1956 treaty. It was thus the argument of Iran that the attack on the mining activities in the oil platforms was an obstacle and a hindrance to the free navigation of commerce activities. They further argued that the attacks on the petroleum installation was a barred the commercial exploitation of its natural resources. It was also noted that Iran had specific contracts it had entered into for the supply of petroleum and the contracts were them frustrated rendering it impossible for them to fulfill their commercial obligation to other states and therefore they could not enjoy the freedom of commerce provisions in the treaty. It was noted in their submissions that the oil production storage and transportation were all destroyed and therefore the fundamental economic and commercial activities entirely ceased to operate. c) Arguments for Breach of Article IV (1) Article IV (I) obligates the parties to the treaty to accord fair and equitable treatment to the nationals and companies of other member states and to their properties and any other enterprises. In doing the treaty obligates the states to refrain any unreasonable measures that will negatively impact on the property of other nationals. It was the argument of the Republic of Iran that the United States had entirely breached this provision through the attacks they made that caused damages that had devastating effects. It was submitted that where a state is acting outside its territories, it should be guided by the aforementioned provisions where it is about to exert state powers the property of the other state within its territory. The use of force by United States was also argued to be in breach of this provisions and the treaty declares such measures as unreasonable and discriminatory measures to all intents and purposes. The attacks offended the principle of fair and equitable treatment in the above provision. From the above arguments, Iran was sufficiently certain that the measure that was applied by the United States was whole an unlawful measure and even if it is a lawful measure where it is excessive and extreme it becomes in violation of Article IV (I). Iran submitted that the complete destruction of an economic activity that is beneficial and dependable to a state economy is the perfect definition of a conduct that is unfair, unjust and inequitable. d) Remedies sought By Islamic Republic of Iran It is a general principle in international law that the breach of an international law obligation involves the party that has caused the breach to adequately make reparations (Factory at Chorzow, Judgment 1927) The republic of Iran thus requested for a declaration be made that the united states violated the treaty of Amity. It was argued that the declaration of illegality perpetrated by the United States was necessary as remedy because of the gravity of the illegal measures that the United States had pursued. It was argued that this form of reparation was recognized by international law tribunal and courts alike. In the case of New Zealand against France (1990) the tribunal ordered reparation in the form of a declaration be made against France which was in breach of its international obligation. The Republic of Iran also made a request for an award of compensation from the United States. This is flows from the fact that the attacks and destructions that were made affected the economic interest of Iran. In the case of the Diplomatic and Consular Staff (1980) the court held that where it is found that a state is liable causing injury to another state it is prudent that an award of compensation be made against that state. It was argued by Iran that the compensation must be in monetary terms and it therefore claimed for compensation for the damages that were caused by the destruction of the oil platforms, the cost of replacements and the costs for reconstruction. The republic of Iran also made request for compensation for the loss of life of the personnel that was working at the oil platform and the injuries that others suffered. Judgment and conclusion The International court of justice took a controversial approach that aroused a magnanimous legal discontent in the legal fraternity. The court held that the United States was in breach of the threshold required for the use of force in self defense and was therefore in violation of international law. The court also held that the United States did not provide sufficient evidence to prove that Iran made an armed attack and therefore their response which was under the guise of a self defense was unwarranted and unnecessary. The requirement of necessity and proportionality in the use of force are principles that have been well affirmed and exemplified by the court in this case. The oil Platform case in general is an educative case that echoes principles of international law that are vital in the modern day with the emerging military activities in the Middle East and Afghanistan. References Bowett, D, W, 1972 "Reprisals Involving Recourse 10 Armed Force", American Journal of International Law, Vol. 66, Caroline Case (1837) 2 Moore Digest of International Law Corfu Channel, United Kingdom v Albania, Judgment, Merits, ICJ GL No 1, [1949] ICJ Rep 4 United States Diplomatic and Consular Staff in Tehran, Judgment, (1980) 1. C. J. Reports, Factory at Chorzw, Germany v Poland, Jurisdiction, Judgment, (1927) PCIJ Series A No 9, ICGJ 247 France-New Zealand Arbitration Tribunal, (1990) 82 I.L.R. 500 Oil Platforms (Islamic Republic of Iran v. United States of America), I.C.J. Reports (2003) Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. United States of America) I.C.J. Reports (1984) Security Council Resolutions (1966) Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations and Consular Rights 1995 United Nation Chatter 1945

Review of Theatre Performance Essay Example For Students

Review of Theatre Performance Essay Also the way she carried herself became a lot more stooped which was completely different to the way she was before. Towards the end of the show when it showed her descent in to madness, she seemed so worn and tired that her eyes seemed to be pushed open with cocktail sticks, she looked very gaunt and ill, this was a contrast to her beautiful features at the beginning of the show. The man who played Eddie had a very young, innocent looking face, this helped him very well to portray his role as the 7 year old Eddie, I dont believe he used his posture and body to as much effect as the woman who played his mother, but I was absorbed by his performance because he really did get into his role and suited it so well, when Eddie began to cry in the scene where he almost kissed Linda it was so upsetting that it almost made me want to cry as well, even though the audience was meant to be concentrating on the partnership of Linda and Mickey. All in all I would have to say that the woman who played Eddies mother was better than Eddie himself because she seemed to be really into her role and led me to believe that she really was that character. I think that the audience really really enjoyed the show, because Blood Brothers is a very famous musical and many people love it, the turn out was quite hefty and nobody left with a frown on their face. I think that the best part of the show was when Eddie and Mickey leave the cinema after seeing a pornography film as it is a more light hearted humorous part of the show and it had me laughing when Linda and her friend caught Eddie and Mickey impersonating the porn stars that they had just seen. However something that I did feel needed improvement was the fact that almost every single song that was in the show ended up going into a rendition of a song with you know the devils got your number in the lyrics, which I swear if I ever hear that god awful song again I will rip my ears off.