The Psychology of Adult Learning Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Psychology of Adult Learning Case - Essay Example I have selected this student for the case study because she is one of the most successful and influential models in my life. In contrast with most of the students her age in Saudi Arabia, KM loved going to school from the beginning of primary classes. In addition, KM, as was evident to those who have known her from her youth, has a strong character and power to change things she does not like. She loved working and helping other people, which has helped her to become a doctor in her future life. The theory of motivation is going to be applied to illustrate how it psychologically influenced KM to pursue this particular career. As such, the attached transcript (Appendix 4) will relate these issues to the existing theoretical position within psychology and adult education. In particular, this case study will investigate how these theories are related to the participant’s experience. The interview for this case study was conducted in the participant’s home on Sunday 31 December. Before this date, the interviewer sent KM an online copy form of the â€Å"invitation to be interviewed† and the â€Å"case study participation consent form†. After having a discussion about the issue online, the participant and the interviewer agreed that it would be better for both of them to meet at the participant’s home. The reason for this choice was that both sides would feel more relaxed and comfortable in a private and familiar setting as this would be more suitable within the culture of both the participant and the interviewer. In addition, this was where the participant studied and read during the period of her school and college attendance. The interviewing method was also chosen because it allows the participant to express her views in a free manner. It also allows the interviewer to gain first-hand information about the participant’s views towards a particular subject area.

Consent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Consent - Essay Example Treatment review occurs only when treatment is new, controversial or bordering on the experimental. Ethics and credential committees perform such reviews. Other licensing or regulatory bodies that require adherence to similar guidelines govern organizations not receiving funds from the Canadian or American federal governments. Individual researchers who do not receive government funding and who do not belong to an organization are not required to adhere to such regulations. However, adherence to the guidelines is recommended for good practice, research and citizenship and to avoid legal liability. When organizations or groups without ethical review boards propose research, a university, hospital, licensing or professional organization, or another institution does reviews. Psychologists performing research or working within provincial or state agencies may need to follow additional guidelines. Individual researchers and practitioners are required to follow consent guidelines in lock step. Thus, consent information is usually given through a typed document with a set order of information. Unfortunately, these documents are often long and complex and require a college education in order to be understood by the participant. In addition, the order in which information is presented can make comprehension difficult for the participant. The complexity of informed consent documents prompts many to return to old complaints about the intrusion of ethics review bodies into research or treatment and the impracticality of consent. In order to improve the consent process, empirical studies of the efficiency and value of current methods are necessary. Instead of spawning such research, complaints have led to a lessening of consent requirements. For example, an exempt-from-ethics-review status for research designated as no risk has been introduced other jurisdictions simply maintain existing general guidelines. Coal of Consent The cause for this requirement of accomplishment comprise: a partial view of consent, bewilderment over what constitutes "informing," the techniques of achieving consent, the lack of a comprehensive theoretical base for consent, and reluctance by researchers. The imaginary view that individuals have the right to make assessment for themselves forms the root for well-versed consent. Nevertheless, this philosophy was included into consent guidelines only after frequent subject and patient mistreatment. Changes in consent processes have often been reason by political view rather than empirical study of informed consent. As a result, many researchers and practitioners view consent as a necessary burden rather than a useful adjunct to good research or practice. At the same time, current consent methods are perceived as optimal, even in the face of contrary evidence. Just as past guidelines, new requirements for ensuring scientific integrity have been established without empirical study. While some rules have been

Chemistry and Anatomy Essay Example for Free

Chemistry and Anatomy Essay My life began as a simple and talented student in Geneva. My father was Alphonse Frankenstein, who was a wealthy, rich and benevolent man. I was the first son of my father, Alphonse Frankenstein. My mother Caroline visited a beautiful orphan girl, Elizabeth Lavenza, fair-haired girl. She was adopted by my family and was my cousin. I had two brothers who were very lovely and they loved me and Elizabeth a lot. My best friend was Henry Clerval, who was a considerate man. I became a student of Chemistry and Anatomy in the quest to determine what gives life. I was a young man who led a happy and peaceful life, but the events happened after, made a great change to my living. The world according to me was a secret of research, creation and experimenting. I learnt the theories of electricity and galvanization. I also initiated a theory of how to create human life using the principles of electricity. I became devoted to the human creation and the spark of life that I had abandoned earlier. I asked my University for specimens to make my creation. I figured out what gives life.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I have begged my University for specimens. They say I’ve had all their best material for years, and produced nothing to show for it.† I feel that I have begged my University for some specimens to make my creation, but they refused to afford me the specimens because they say that they have given all the best pieces of specimens to me for creating nothing. Finally, I got the body parts from the graveyard. Then I went out without my meals to buy some chemicals. I took the body parts from the corpses. I stored my chemicals and specimens in the dissecting room so that it would be safe. I constructed a giant man, 8 feet tall, with super human strength and endurance from harvested body parts that I took from the corpses. I worked secretly without rest for almost a year. I can tell you that I was a bit disappointed with my creation. My perfect creation was a frightening disaster. My creation was a result of horror.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"No, this isn’t what I wanted. Oh, dear god, what have I done?†Ã‚  I was not at all happy with my monstrous creation. So, I rejected, abandoned and left him away. I was also scared, frightened and afraid of him. I also avoided my scientific studies because it remained me about the disastrous experiment. I wanted him to help and like mankind. This was not what I expected. I wanted my creation to be helpful rather than being a nuisance. My excitement soon changed when my creature came into life. My lovely, little brother William was murdered by my creation, the monster. Elizabeth cried a lot and I was not able to convince her. She also told me that my five- year-old brother, William and she went for a walk. She also told me that she saw William disappear. She was searching for him all over. I examined what had happened and found out that it was the monster, who was responsible for the murder of my brother. I was very angry with the behaviour of my creation. I created him to help human life and not to destroy them. He came to my room. I was very angry at him and wanted to destroy him. He told me to control my temper and he asked me to listen to him. He told me that the only person to be kind to him was Agathe, a young blind lady. The other villagers chased him away through their dogs. He also told me that his intention towards William was not to kill him. Then he explained to me about what had happened. He told me, â€Å"I put my hands to his mouth to silence him, because I was afraid.†Ã‚  The monster asked William to play with him for a while. But William shouted and refused to play with him. So, he just kept his hands in William’s mouth to silence him and request him to play with him. He also convinced me by telling the truth, but I am very sad that my brother is being murdered by my creation.  I was asked by the monster to make a bride to the monster. I agreed to him because as a creator, I should have to fulfill the wishes of my creation. He said to me that,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I am alone and miserable; man will not associate with me; but one as deformed and horrible as myself would not deny herself to me. My companion must be of the same species and have the same defects. This being you must create.† He conveyed me his feelings of how it was to be alone without a companion or a comrade. He also gave me two years time to make a complete creation. He also told me that he would not trouble me in the time in between. I repulsed myself to make a bride for the monster. I wanted to finish the bride before marrying Elizabeth. I was also worried that the monster may harm my family. I still found it difficult to make the second monster. I made it because he told me that he wanted to love. I also made it, but this creation was spoilt by the monster, himself. The thing where he went wrong was, giving wrong wire connections to the creation and made it destroy. I explained to him that,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"She’ll never live now! Monster, what have you done?†Ã‚  He thought that he knew to make his own creation. He acted over- smart by giving the wrong wire connections and destroying his bride by himself. I beautifully laid out the bride in white colour clothes, to symbolize that she was going to get married. There is no use for him to commit the murders of Elizabeth and Clerval, by knowing that was his fault. I was really angry when he killed my brother, William. Then, he explained to me about what had happened. He told me that,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I put my hands to his mouth to silence him, because I was afraid.†Ã‚  It was my fault to create him and abandon him. Since I have created him I lost my Elizabeth, Clerval and my dear brother William. I got the feelings of how it was to face death. If I think of him, my first thoughts were, why did I create him? I found it like a battle of â€Å"Evil vs. Good†.

The Effect Of Tourism On Peoples Lifestyle Tourism Essay

The Effect Of Tourism On Peoples Lifestyle Tourism Essay According, Gawler believed that tourism is effecting to economic and lifestyle of people in each area of tourism. Tourism has fears that is expanded to tourism and related to badly react or mass tourists. Anyway, tourism can be both positive and negative impacts on countries. Moreover, Mirbabayev and Shagazatova said that nowadays, tourism is the largest factor of economic. Tourism is evolving in economic activities. Various sectors of economy have affected from growing development rates; infrastructure development, foreign currency inflows, and new management. They can be contributed to the social and economic development in big part of the country. Also, Lehmann (2005) explained that there are three distinct parts: direct, indirect, and induced in the total economic impact of travelers First, the direct impact is the value added of those sectors that interact directly with the visitor. Second, the indirect impact is the benefit to suppliers to those direct sectors. Third, the induced impact adds the impact of tourism-generated wages as they are spent in economy. In addition, Rattanasuwongchai (1994) told that Tourism is the fastest growing industries and can generate national income in developing economies. Same as the other, Thailand has a tourism that is a major source of national income. Although tourism had some negative effects, it has covered all level. Otherwise, Sugiyarto, Blake, and Sinclair (2002) defined that tourism took place within a large context of the world economy. Besides, Sherpa (2006) said that tourism is a major economic activity providing livelihoods to poor people. Moreover, Bartsch (1998) said that Tourism conducted tourists visiting the village. They can get extra income and took advantage by offering accommodation to tourists. Likewise, Khadka (1996) explained that International tourism is a fast growing in economic factors. It increased in national income. Meanwhile, Albqami (1997) said that Tourism had received more attention in nowadays. Tourism stimulated to the economic growth. Similarly, Suntikul (2008) told that Tourism has a difficult problem. Tourism is accepting as the economic and societal importance of tourism activity. However, tourism has poorly managed within its economy, social, and environmental contexts. The meaning of the impacts of tourism cannot be properly assessed. Advantage of tourism impact According, Gawler (2001) believed that the advantages of tourism are economic development. Tourism is helping to support communities, particularly in rural areas. There are little dependences on urban centers and imports to sustain tourism activity as we called decentralised. Tourism development often brings a range of benefits to host communities. Improved infrastructure power, water, and telecommunications, services (banks, transport) and new investments, all serve to enhance the lifestyles of communities. Tourism can make a sense of community pride in their location. Tourism can exchange for cultural between communities and visitors. Tourism creates regional identity both nationally and internationally. Conservation area efforts and provides effective management of significant areas can get the fund for conservative and management. Tourism can promote the preservation. Otherwise, Mirbabayev and Shagazatova supported that Tourism can be both a source of international peace and understanding. Here are possible positive effects of tourism: Tourism is developing positive attitudes towards each other culture and learning about each others culture and customs. Also, Tourism is reducing negative perceptions and stereotypes. Tourism is developing friendships and developing pride, appreciation, understanding, respect, and tolerance for each others culture. Finally, Tourism is increasing self-esteem of hosts and tourists. Similarly, Lehmann (2005) said that tourism consists of share of the retail, transportation, restaurant, lodging, and entertainment industries directly contribute to the travel sector. Tourism directly gave nearly $1.64 billion in Palm Beach County on 2004. Meanwhile, Sugiyarto, Blake, and Sinclair (2002) defined that the levels of GDP and employment are increased by tourism growth. Trade, tax and balance of payment can increase by tourism activity. Additional, Albqami (1997) said that tourism industry is increased; the industry will need to purchase more input in the economy to produce the additional output. These purchases will stimulate additional output. Disadvantage of tourism impact According to, Rattanasuwongchai (1994) told that a huge number of tourists exploit natural resources. Tourism has a heavy impact on the environment. In addition, tourism needs more infrastructures, transportation and other facilities which can cause environmental suffering. Tourism caused environmental pollution from human waste, sewerage into water sources, and trash. Without strict regulations in land using, most hotel may invade the preservative areas. It can be cause of declining in participation in rural traditional. Similarly, Bartsch (1998) explained that Tourism in Ban Chaidee is does not replace any other activity, and agriculture which is still regarded by people as most important economic activity. Environmental damage and government policies have decreased the traditional resources of the villagers. The pollution caused by tourists, noise pollution late at night. Moreover, Khadka (1996) explained that Environmental and socio-cultural depletes may make tourism unsustainable. These factors can also be regional in their nature or impact. Otherwise, Sherpa (2006) said that tourists had a negative effect to loss of rural culture. In additional, Suntikul (2008) told that tourists took a critical the cultural in tourism practice, and the host culture. Tourism is introducing negative impacts to Luang Prabang.

Their Eyes Were Watching God Essays - Janies Life and the Pear Tree :: Their Eyes Were Watching God Essays

Their Eyes Were Watching God - Janie's Life and the Pear Tree          Their Eyes Were Watching God is a story centered on the idea of life cycles.   The experiences that Janie faces and struggles through in her life represent the many cycles that she has been present for.   Each cycle seem to take place with the start of each new relation ship that she faces.   Each relationship that Janie is involved in not just marriages, blooms and withers away like the symbol of Janie's life the pear tree from her childhood.           Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Janie's Grandmother is the first bud on her tree.   She raised Janie since she was a little girl.   Her grandmother is in some respects a gardener pruning and shaping the future for her granddaughter.   She tries to instill a strong belief in marriage.   To her marriage is the only way that Janie will survive in life.   What Nanny does not realize is that Janie has the potential to make her own path in the walk of life.   This blinds nanny, because she is a victim of the horrible effects of slavery.   She really tries to convey to Janie that she has her own voice but she forces her into a position where that voice is silenced and there for condemning all hopes of her Granddaughter become the woman that she is capable of being.           Ã‚  Ã‚   The affect of Nanny is the marriage to her first of three husbands, Logan.   He is a man that sees no wife in his relationship with Janie he sees a worker.   The intelligence of Janie to realize this is a prime example of the capabilities that Janie possesses as an independent woman.   Logan is the pollution to Janie's tree of life.   He is good for one thing and that is delaying the inevitable; delaying Janie from realizing that she can be a woman with an inelegant thought not just a good house worker.   He prevents the self-sufficient woman in Janie from reaching its potential.         Ã‚  Ã‚   The next cycle is that of Joe Starks.   The role of this marriage is of a different nature.   Janie no longer is a house slave.   She chooses to take the role of a trophy wife in the times that this takes place in.

New England: A Matter Of Perspective Essay -- essays research papers

New England: A Matter of Perspective   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  John Smith's A Description of New England and William Bradford's Of Plymouth Plantation both present a picture of the same pre-colonial land of New England. Mr. Smith's writing, out of necessity, painted a rosy picture of the new land, while Bradford's historical account shows early New England was not Heaven on Earth. Mr. Bradford and Mr. Smith are writing about one land, but they present two different accounts of the life in the land.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  John Smith's writing is his ideal vision of what the new land could be with the best of people colonizing the new land. John Smith's fine piece of literature may also be considered a beautifully worded, finely tuned piece of propaganda. Mr. Smith wrote this selection to influence people to leave their lives in England and cross the globe to start a new life in a strange land. John Smith described a a land where little work was needed, and riches could be easily acquired. A man with little fishing ability could catch one hundred, two hundred, or three hundred fish a day. He tells of animals perfect for hunting that give plenty of food to live on, and rich furs that could be traded for money. Mr. Smith declares the land free, so anyone could come to the New World and accumulate great wealth. John Smith envisioned a land where all men would live in peace and harmony, a vision that would not be fulfilled in New England or any of the New World.  ...

Admitting Turkey to the European Union

Turkey’s accession to the European Union (EU) has created such a hype over the years since its membership was suggested during the Helsinki European Council in December of 1999. Negotiations to Turkey’s accession started in October of 2005 with the discussion of EU’s set criteria for Turkey to examine and abide by.The formal conditions to which the EU has presented in the negotiations were based on the Copenhagen principle that was created in the 1993 European Summit. It stands on three precepts: First, that the candidate member should fully adapt to the EU law legislation. Second, the candidate should possess a fairly functional democracy, which naturally illustrates the principles that most EU members adhere to, which are respect for human rights and maintain cordial relations with their neighboring states.The last precept focuses on the candidate’s economic stance in the international community, which demonstrates the EU’s desire to maintain secu re economies both domestically and internationally (Arnold, 2007).Despite efforts to make Turkey’s transition into the EU community as smooth as possible, its progress has been hampered by political and cultural issues that has plagued the country’s socio-political environment, causing them to postpone its acceptance to the terms enlisted in the Copenhagen Criteria.The negative opinions of other EU member states does not help in moving the accession talks forward either as major players like France and Germany have openly expressed their concerns about admitting Turkey into the EU and has suggested that Turkey should be given the privilege to develop a close partnership with the EU instead (Arnold, 2007).These issues have been a topic of debate during the EU-Turkey accession talks and until both parties find a compromising position on all matters at hand, Turkey’s admittance to the EU might take a little bit longer.Geographical issueAccording to Arnold, the EUâ €™s predicament regarding Turkey’s accession is certainly deep-rooted in geopolitical terms. He has stated that a general consensus of creating the EU was to unify Europe, so in essence its precepts only encompasses those within the so-called European territory. It has been noted that what defines the EU is its geographical borders, clearly accentuated by lands and seas with centuries of shared poiltical, cultural and religious histories.Still, geography is an extremely difficult case for contention since it is an arbitrary construction which does not seem to correspond to any tangible reality. Moreover, the European territory is only real in the physical sense of the term, since Europe is part of the Eurasian plate (Arnold, 2007).In this case, the dispute on Turkey’s geopraphical location makes no sense as reservations about its European character has already been resolved by its default membership in numerous organizations, namely the Organization for Security an d Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), of which Turkey is a founding member, and its participation in international sports competition such as the UEFA cup, of which it has its own foorball team. Turkey is also a member of NATO, a Euro-Atlantic alliance that justifies its European placement (Arnold, 2007).Turkey location on the map is situated at the gateway to the Middle East, the Caucasus and central Asia, which makes them a key strategic player in all three regions. Based on these grounds, it is necessary for the EU to reconfirm the foundations of the core of all EU policies, and in particular, its geographical definition before it considers another country like Turkey as part of its community (Arnold, 2007).ImmigrationCifti’s article Reviving Turkey’s Stalled EU Drive mentioned that if EU would grant Turkey full membership status, it would invite additional problems to its member states in terms of population.Given that there is an understading of general freedom of move ment within the EU, internal instability in Turkey could result in the influx of migration to other parts of the EU member states.It is expected of EU member states to comply in accomodating such changes within their communities since it is honored in treaties created on behalf of the EU and its governmental policies but it could be considered a dilemma by those countries receiving the migration flows, most especially in France and Germany where a good number of Muslims and Turks populate certain parts of their communities (Cifti, 2008).One problem that could develop if ever this should come about, is the granting of citizenship to Turkish migrants, especially in countries like Germany, France and Sweden, who have no intention of granting citizenship to migrants living in their countries. Immigrants living in closed communities usually have more social, cultural and political difficulties living in harmony with the native citizens of their host country.This question gains additional weight as Europeans are witnessing efforts made by Turkish political, social and cultural institutions to target Turkish immigrants in EU countries (Demesmay &   Weske, 2007).There remain significant political challenges that Turkey must face up to, if it is to be ready for membership. For instance, the presence of the current Justice and Development (AKP) government   has created hesitations among EU members of Turkey’s ability to control its religious sect from affecting the democratic institutions of the country.The recent move to amend the constitution and lift the ban on wearing hijab or Islamic headscarves on college campuses has established the notion that Turkey may not be ready to integrate democratic policies into their systems as it will be met by opposing forces from the Islamic-ran government, alienating further its Armenian citizens (Jimenez, 2008).Based on this notion, Turkey presents itself to Europe as a country in which decisive political forces are sai d to be influenced by radical nationalism and religious fundamentalism and where much depends on the whims of theAKP government.The government’s incapacity to fully assimilate democratic procedures, independent jurisdiction, and evaluation of respect for human rights have created huge setbacks in its progress for development, which in turn has clouded the judgments of EU member states to gain trust of its fair imposition of the law.Other outstanding issues include restrictions on freedom of speech, which has been an issue of contestation as it is considered to be a pre-requisite for democratic processes, and the challenges faced by the Kurdish community over language rights and identity (Demesmay & Weske, 2007).The problems connected with the Armenians and Kurds create strong and lasting doubts in Europe which points out whether satisfactory standards will be reached in the foreseeable future (Jimenez. 2008).Foreign RelationsIn Arnold’s article, Political Arguments aga inst Turkey’s Accession to the European Union, he has stated that integrating Turkey would also be a strategic and diplomatic challenge for the EU, since its borders would run alongside countries as unstable and and unruly as Iran, Syria, and Iraq.Not to mention, the fact that the EU would have to face a possible handling of the Kurdish and Armenian problem since Turkey’s population is made up of small Kurdish and Armenian communities that are scattered between Turkey, Iraq and Iran. It was reported that Turkey has not excluded the possibility of military action in the Iraqi Kurdistan if the latter supported the slight signs of an independence movement amongst the Turkish Kurds   (Arnold, 2007).On the side of the EU, it has been observed that the bloc lacks cohesion, especially in dealing with its position in international relations. Its limitations to act as a single entity in major international decisions would be further divided if Turkey is granted EU membership since it would have to deal with common border issues with Georgia, Armenia, Iran, Iraq, and Syria.Politically, it would get sucked into the messy political problems of Western Asia, most especially the situation in and around Iraq and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict (Arnold, 2007).Turkish foreign policy, moreover, is no longer passive since the beginning of the war against Iraq and the Turkish refusal to let American forces pass through Turkey has indicated that it has loosened its ties with the US and has begun to be active in the affairs of West Asia on a pro-Islam and pro-Arab basis   (Arnold, 2007).Although advocates of Turkish EU membership cheerfully label the Turkish role of being a bridge between Europe and the West Asia, its nature not be so loyally liberal and democratic and that the possibility and perhaps even the necessity of a Turkish orientation sometimes in the European, but at other times in another direction (Arnold, 2007).Therefore, one should beg the q uestion of whether social, cultural and political harmonization could be expected from EU’s relations with Turkey, parallel to what each member states currently possess with each other, or would Turkey’s accession to the EU perhaps only be possible if either camps were ready to give up essential parts of their cultural identity?Such questions are related to the argument that Turkey’s EU accession would be a historical milestone, as it sets forth in creating a European identity in Turkey (Arnold, 2007).Economic ImplicationsOn a positive note, Turkey could turn out to be a geo-strategic asset for the EU, notably by allowing the Union to bring an end to the US monopoly of the West Asia and by allowing it to control the flow of petrol and gas from the Caspian sea and the Gulf, thereby securing, in part, energy supplies for its member states.According to Barisch and Hermann, the key dynamics of the economic relationship between Turkey and the EU are clearly establish ed. Records show that 56% of Turkish exports goes to the EU, which is ten times that of any other export destination. Consequently, Turkey is the fifth largest export market of the EU, with European firms annually investing over â‚ ¬3bn (Barisch & Hermann, 2007).After economic setbacks in 1994 and at the turn of the millennium, economic reports illustrate that Turkey’s average has grown an annual rate of 6.8%.According to the World Bank, Turkey’s eventual membership could boost its GDP per capita growth by 1.5% per year, and allow it to expand as a market for European goods (Barisch & Hermann, 2007). In essence, the expansion that would take place if Turkey was granted membership in the EU would signify more weight in influencing world affairs.The Cyprus caseAnother major hindrance to Turkey’s accession is said to be its non-recognition of the Greek Republic of Cyprus. Common sense would argue as to how a country could ever become a part of an organization if the former does not recognize one of the organizations members?This was the reason for the closing of eight of the thirty five chapters of accession negotiations in 2006 as the EU cannot fully proceed with these conditions if Turkey refuses to abide by them   Ã‚  (Arnold, 2007).The Cyprus problem is more complex than it first appears. In fact, the two parts of the island were supposed to reunify in 2004 and enter the EU together. But when the Turkish part of Cyprus voted in favor of the UN plan for reunification, the Greek part voted agains it. The latter, therefore entered the EU alone, to the great displeasure of Turkey and the Turkish Cypriots (Arnold, 2007).